Suppose that a plane cut is made through a solid in equilibrium under the action of some forces (Fig. 3.12a). The distribution of force on the area A in the …
Suppose that a homogeneous steel bar with a constant cross-sectional area A is subjected to tension under axial load P (Fig. 3.10a). A gage length L is selected away from …
Stresses that remain in structural members after rolling or fabrication are known as residual stresses. The magnitude of the stresses is usually determined by removing longitudinal sections and measuring the strain …