Basic Allowable Stresses
Table 11.29 lists the allowable stresses for railroad bridges recommended in the AREMA Manual. The stresses, ksi, are related to the […]
Bases for ASD and LRFD
ASD is based on elastic theory. Design limits the maximum unit stress a member is permitted to bear under service loads
Bar Supports
Bar supports are commercially available in three general types of material: wire, precast concrete, and all-plastic. Descriptions of the various types
Automatic Sprinklers
In the past fifteen years the variety of sprinklers available has grown tremendously. Years ago an engineer would simply specify
Background Thaumasite form of sulfate attack
Although thaumasite had been known as a rare calcium carbonate-silicate- sulfate hydrate of the composition CaCO3.CaSiO3.CaSO4.15H2O since 1878, it was
Background Degradative effects of water, acids and other aggressive chemicals
In general, the rates of attack by aggressive chemicals on concrete may be affected by several factors, including the following:
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Background Internal sulfate attack and delayed ettringite formation
During the hydration of Portland cement at temperatures around ambient, ettringite is formed at early ages, a consequence of the
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Background on Curtain Walls
In the first part of the structural design section of this book, we began with the design of panel walls,
Background on Moment-Axial Force Interaction Diagrams by the Strength Approach
Using the strength approach, we seek to construct interaction diagrams that represent combinations of axial and flexural capacity. This can
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