Design Considerations
Design considerations for steel railroad bridges differ somewhat from those for highway bridges. Railroad bridges have a higher live-to-dead load ratio […]
Structural Steel
Design Loadings
Bridges must be designed to carry the specified dead loads, live loads and impact, as well as centrifugal, wind, other lateral
Design of Arch Ribs and Ties
Computers greatly facilitate preliminary and final design of all structures. They also make possible consideration of many alternative forms and layouts,
Deformations in Beams
Article 3.18 presents relationships between a distributed load on a beam, the resulting internal forces and moments, and the corresponding
Description of Wind Forces
The magnitude and distribution of wind velocity are the key elements in determining wind design forces. Mountainous or highly developed urban
Deflections of Statically Determinate Trusses
In Art. 3.23, the basic concepts of virtual work and specifically the unit-load method are presented. Employing these concepts, this method
Cutting, Shearing, and Sawing
Steel shops are commonly organized into departments such as receiving, detail material, main material cut-and-preparation, assembly and shipping. Many shops also
Dead-Load Deflection
Although, in general, building codes restrict the magnitude of live-load deflections, they do not contain criteria or limitations relating to dead-load
Cylindrical Tubular Members
The AISI Specification gives separate provisions for cylindrical members, but they apply only if the ratio of outside diameter-to-wall thickness, D/