Span Lengths and Deflections
Many designers believe that steel girders, because of their lower weight per foot, should have longer spans than concrete beams for […]
Structural Analysis
Span Growth of Suspension Bridges
Figure 15.25 shows the growth of maximum spans by year. It is obvious that in the 60-year period from the Golden
Space Trusses
Space trusses, because of their shape, arrangement of members, or applied loading, cannot be subdivided into plane trusses for the
Space Frames
These represent one of the more efficient uses of structural materials. Space frames are threedimensional lattice-type structures that span in
Skewed Bridges
To reduce scour and to avoid impeding stream flow, it is generally desirable to orient piers with centerlines parallel to direction
Snow Loads with example
In many parts of the United States and the world, snow loads must be considered in designing structures. The design
Slope-Deflection Method
One of several displacement methods for analyzing statically indeterminate structures that resist loads by bending involves use of slope-deflection equations.
Shop Preassembly
When the principal operations on a main member, such as punching, drilling, and cutting, are completed, and when the detail pieces
Shear Splices
In buildings, splices of members subjected principally to shear should develop the strength required by the stresses at point of