Daido piles, originating from Japan, were initially designed as replacement piles. This method involved pre-forming holes in the ground, inserting the prestressed concrete piles, and then grouting the void space between the pile and surrounding soil. However, in Hong Kong, a different installation method was adopted, where Daido piles were driven directly into the ground using hammers.
This deviation from the original replacement method introduced unforeseen construction challenges. The impact of driving caused deformations in the pile tip shoes, which are crucial for ensuring smooth penetration and minimizing soil disturbance. Additionally, the concrete at the pile tip experienced crushing due to the high stresses generated during driving.
These issues, highlighted by B. W. Choy in 1993, demonstrate the importance of adhering to the intended installation methods for specialized construction materials like Daido piles. By understanding the specific design and installation requirements, engineers can avoid unexpected problems and ensure the long-term performance and integrity of the foundation system. The case of Daido piles in Hong Kong serves as a cautionary example of the potential consequences of deviating from established procedures.