Fender elasticity, while crucial for energy dissipation during vessel berthing, does not directly influence the reaction force or deflection of the fender system. The energy absorption capacity of a fender is determined by its reaction-deflection curve, specifically the area under the curve. A higher reaction force generally translates to greater energy absorption, provided the vessel’s hull can withstand the force without deformation.
Stiff and soft fenders may exhibit similar deflection under the same maximum reaction force, but the energy absorbed by stiff fenders significantly exceeds that of soft fenders. This makes stiff fenders preferable for berthing operations where energy absorption is paramount.
Conversely, in mooring situations with constant wave action, minimizing the tension force on the mooring lines is crucial. Soft fenders are recommended in this context due to their lower reaction forces, which help reduce stress on the mooring lines and associated structures.
In summary, the choice between stiff and soft fenders depends on the specific application. Stiff fenders are ideal for berthing scenarios where energy absorption is prioritized, while soft fenders are favored for mooring operations where minimizing line tension is essential.