Dolphins, crucial marine structures for mooring and berthing vessels, are traditionally supported by a rigid system of three to four raking piles. While this design provides stability, it lacks flexibility and resilience against the impact forces generated during berthing. The rigidity can make dolphins vulnerable to damage, especially when subjected to high-impact collisions with large vessels.
To mitigate this, engineers often incorporate energy-absorbing devices like rubber or plastic fenders. These fenders act as a buffer, deforming under load and dissipating the impact energy, thereby reducing the stress on the dolphin structure. However, this approach relies on external components to manage the impact, adding complexity and potential maintenance requirements.
An alternative approach is to design dolphins as inherently flexible structures. By allowing slight deflection upon impact, these flexible dolphins can absorb and dissipate energy internally, reducing the magnitude of forces transmitted to the piles and foundations. This not only enhances the dolphin’s resilience but also simplifies maintenance by minimizing the reliance on external energy-absorbing components.
One effective method of achieving flexibility in dolphin design is to utilize a single pile foundation. This configuration allows for greater lateral movement and deflection, enabling the dolphin to better absorb impact forces without sustaining damage.
In conclusion, while rigid dolphin designs with multiple raking piles have their merits, the incorporation of flexibility offers significant advantages in terms of durability and maintenance. By allowing controlled deflection and utilizing energy-absorbing design principles, engineers can create robust and resilient dolphins that withstand the rigors of marine environments while minimizing the need for external protective measures.