Fastener Diameters
Minimum bolt diameters are 1â„2 in for buildings and railroad bridges. In highway-bridge members carrying calculated stress, 3â„4-in fasteners are […]
Structural Analysis
Fastener Holes
Standard specifications require that holes for bolts be 1â„16 in larger than the nominal fastener diameter. In computing net area
Fatigue Loading
Fatigue damage may occur to members supporting machinery, cranes, vehicles, and other mobile equipment. Such damage is not likely in members
External and Internal Forces
The forces and couples to which a structure may be subjected can be classified into two types, external forces and
Examples of Arch Bridges
Thanks to the cooperation of several engineers in private and public practice, detailed information on about 25 arch bridges has been
Example of Effective Section Calculation
A 5.5 in deep by 1.25 in wide by 0.057 in thick C-section without lips is shown in Fig. 10.11a.
Example of Bending Strength Calculation
For the unstiffened C-section in Art. 10.22, determine the moment strength based on initiation of yielding for a fully braced
Evolution of Cable-Suspended Bridges
Early cable-suspended bridges were footbridges consisting of cables formed from twisted vines or hide drawn tightly to reduce sag. The cable
Equations of Condition for Plane Trusses
In Section 3.4, we indicated that the types of connections used to connect rigid portions of internally unstable structures provide