Work of External Forces
Whenever a force is displaced by a certain amount or a displacement is induced by a certain force, work is […]
Structural Analysis
Wood-Fiber Planks
Planks formed of wood fibers bonded with portland cement provide a lightweight roof deck with insulating and acoustical properties. The typical
Wind Loads
Wind loads are randomly applied dynamic loads. The intensity of the wind pressure on the surface of a structure depends on
Wind loads with example
Wind loads are produced by the flow of wind around the structure. The magnitudes of wind loads that may act
Wind and Seismic Stresses
The AISC ASD specification permits allowable stresses due to wind or earthquake forces, acting alone or in combination with dead
Welding Materials
Weldable structural steels permissible in buildings and bridges are listed with required electrodes in Tables 5.10 and 5.11. Welding electrodes
Welding Positions
The position of the stick electrode relative to the joint when a weld is being made affects welding economy and
Welding Procedures
Welds should be qualified and should be made only by welders, welding operators, and tackers qualified as required in AWS
Welding Clearance and Space
Designers and detailers should detail connections to ensure that welders have ample space for positioning and manipulating electrodes and for